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| ABS:
Plastic used in the manufacture of drain, waste, and vent pipes. |
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Acrylic:
A glassy thermoplastic cast and molded shapes to form the surface
of bathtubs, whirlpools and shower bases.
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Aerator:
A small device at the end of a faucet spout which is used to mix air
into flowing water.
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Angle
Stop: A shutoff valve between the faucet/toilet and the water
pipes. Connects the water supply in a wall and its outlet angles up
90 degrees toward the faucet/toilet.
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| Anti-Scald:
A valve that restricts water flow to help prevent burn injuries. |
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| Anti-Siphon:
A device that prevents water from flowing back into supply lines,
possibly contaminating the water supply. |
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| Backflow:
When water traveling from one device backs into any part of the main
water supply, usually caused by siphoning. |
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| Backflow
Preventer: A device used to prevent backflow. In some areas, plumbing
codes require a backflow preventer. |
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| Ballcock:
A fill valve device in a toilet tank. |
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| Basin:
A circular vessel with slopping sides used to hold water for washing. |
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| Bidet:
Used for washing posterior areas of the body.
It is floor mounted, usually next to a toilet. |
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| Bushing:
A pipe fitting used for joining pipes with different diameters together.
A bushing is threaded on both the inside and outside. |
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| Cast
Iron: Heavy metal formed by casting in molds. |
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Centerset:
A style of faucet that has the spout and handles combined into
a single part. Usually installed on a lavatory with 4" center-to-center
faucet holes.
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| Ceramic
Disk Valve: A type of valve that relies on two-part revolving
disks in a sealed cylinder. Each disk has a port in it that, when
aligned with the other, will allow water to pass through. |
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| Cock:
A valve used for regulating water flow. |
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| Compression
Fitting: A sealed pipe connection without soldering. As you tighten
a nut on one fitting, it compresses a washer around the second pipe,
forming a watertight closure. |
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| Compression
Valve: Works by lowering or raising a stem. By turning the faucet
handle it causes the stem to drop or rise, allowing water to pass
through the valve. |
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| Console
Lavatory: A lavatory in which the basin is attached by table or
piano legs at the front and to a wall at the back. |
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| Coupling:
Straight, fitting with female connections at both ends. |
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| Cover:
The top portion of a toilet seat, the top lid on a toilet's tank. |
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| Diverter:
Valves which have one inlet and direct water
to one of two outlets. Diverters are normally used with shower risers,
hand showers, and kitchen
faucet sprayers. |
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| DWV:
Drainage, Waste & Vent. Pipes in a plumbing system that remove
waste water. |
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| Elbow:
Angled fitting that changes the direction of the water line. |
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| Enamel:
An opaque vitreous composition applied to the surface of metal fixtures
such as cast iron tubs and sinks. |
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| Escutcheon:
A trim piece that is used to conceal the faucet stem and the hole
in the fixture. |
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| Female
IPS: Pipe connection where the threads are on the inside of the
fitting. |
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| Fiberglass:
Glass in a fibrous form used in making the body
of bathtubs. |
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| FIP:
Female Iron Pipe. Standard threads that are on the inside of a pipe
fitting. |
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| Fitting:
A general term that usually refers to faucets, shower valves, tub
fillers, or various piping parts such as tees or elbows. |
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| Fixture:
A broad based term usually referring to sinks, tubs, toilets, and
basins. |
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| Flex
Hose: A flexible pipe usually made of braided stainless steel.
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| Flow
Rate: The rate which water is discharged from an outlet. |
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GPM:
Gallons Per Minute. Unit of measurement by which flow rates of faucets
and showerheads are measured and regulated.
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| GPF:
Gallons Per Flush. Unit of measurement which flow rates of toilets
are measured and regulated. |
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| Gelcoat:
Material used to form the surface of some fiberglass
bathtubs or showers, it is a colored, polyester resin. |
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| Hand
shower:
A showerhead designed with a handle that is attached to a water supply
with a flexible hose. |
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| Hose
Bibb: Outdoor faucet with hose threads on the spout. |
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| ID:
Inside Diameter. Diameter measurement from the inside of a pipe. Commonly
used for sizing pipe. |
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| Inlet:
Opening providing an entrance or intake. |
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| IPS:
Iron Pipe Size. Pipe thread sizing system. The measurement of the
outside diameter of a pipe. |
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| Jacuzzi:
Often misused to mean any whirlpool tub. |
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| Lavatory:
Bathroom or washroom sink. |
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| Lid:
The removable cover on a toilet's tank. |
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| Male
IPS: Pipe connection where the threads are on the outside of
the fitting. |
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| MIP:
Male Iron Pipe. Standard external threads on pipe and fittings. |
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| Mini
Spread: Made small enough that it will fit 4" center to center
faucet holes. A special style of lavatory faucet having separate spout
and handles. |
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| Mixing
Valve: Mixes hot and cold water in the valve to get a set temperature
before delivery. |
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| Nipple:
A short pipe threaded on both ends installed between fittings. |
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| Nominal
Size: Used for identification only, not literal dimensions. |
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| O
ring: Typically in a compression fitting, this round rubber washer
is compressed to make a watertight seal . |
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| OD:
Outside Diameter. Common method for sizing pipe, this is a measurement
of the diameter of a pipe as taken from the outside edge. |
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| Offset:
A tubular component which permits the offsetting of a drainage run
in the same basic direction. |
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| Open
Front: A style of toilet seat where there is an open space at
the front. Considered more sanitary in commercial applications. |
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| P
trap: P-shaped section of drain pipe that water is trapped in,
blocking gases from escaping through the drain. Prevents sewer odors
from escaping into your home. |
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| Pedestal
Lavatory: A lavatory in which the bowl is supported by a single
pedestal leg. |
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| Pop-Up
Drain: Relies on a lever or rod to lift or pop up the drain stopper.
A drain mechanism. |
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| Powder
Coat: A technique for applying paint to metal surfaces. The metal
is covered with a powder of dry paint particles and is baked in an
oven. |
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O. PLUG: Plug Outlet. A style of drain outlet that is closed by
a rubber stopper, or plug. Used for lavatories. |
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Up Assembly: Installed on a lavatory, the drain mechanism of a
faucet. |
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| Porcelain:
A ceramic ware that consists of kaolin, quartz
and feldspar, and is white. Fired at high temperatures on steel to
make the surface of
bathtubs and kitchen sinks. |
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| Pressure
Balancing Valve: Maintains a constant water temperature by using
a mixing valve that balances incoming hot and cold water supplies. |
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| PVC:
PolyVinyl Chloride. A white plastic used to manufacture water supply
pipes. |
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| PVD:
Physical Vapor Deposition. A durable zirconium or titanium coating
that resists scratches, tarnish, and corrosion. |
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Reducer:
A pipe fitting used for joining pipes with different diameters
together. A bushing is threaded on both the inside and outside.
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| Rim:
The inside edge of a toilet bowl. The edge of a lavatory or sink.
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| Riser:
Vertical pipe that feeds water to a fixture. |
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| Rough-in:
The unfinished ends of drain or supply lines marking where fixtures
and drains will be installed. |
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| Seat:
The stem will move against the seat to open and close the valve. The
fixed part of a valve. |
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Self
Rimming: A style of bathroom lavatory or kitchen sink with a finished
lip or rim that installs on top of a counter without requiring a metal
sink rim.
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| Sink:
A stationary basin connected with a drain and water supply for washing
and drainage. |
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| Slip
Joint: A connection made with compression fittings. |
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| Spud:
A section of pipe or threaded fitting that completes a connection.
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| Stem
Assembly: Moving part of the valve that controls the amount and
temperature of water released. |
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| Stem:
Projects through the faucet valve and to which the handle is installed.
A small shaft or rod. |
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| Stop:
The valve that allows water supply to be cut off to one fixture without
affecting the water supply to the entire house or building. Common
for use with clawfoot tubs, sinks, and toilets. |
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Straight
Stop: Shutoff valve that is installed between the floor and the
faucet or toilet on a supply line, and does not change direction.
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Tailpiece:
Tubular part of a lavatory drain that runs from the drain flange to
the trap.
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| Tee:
A T-shaped fitting with three openings. |
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| Thermostatic
Valve: A mixing valve that automatically maintains the temperature
setting by regulating fluctuations in water temperature at the water
inlets and immediately adjusting the ratio of hot and cold water that
is discharged by the valve. |
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| Trim
Kit: The outside decorative parts that hide a faucet rough-in. |
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| Trip
Lever: The lever that opens and closes the drain on a bathtubs
waste & overflow. The flush handle and actuating arm on a toilet
tank. |
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| Undercounter:
Positioned under the cutout of the countertop is this style of lavatory.
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| Union
Nut: Joins two sections of pipe using a fitting. |
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| Vacuum
Breaker: An anti-siphon device which prevents the backflow of
water into the supply system. |
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| Valve:
A device that regulates water flow. |
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| Vanity:
A storage cabinet beneath the counter usually found in bathrooms. |
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Vessel:
A style of basin that installs partially into the counter rather than
fully into the counter. The portion of the fixture rising above the
counter has a finished exterior.
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| Vitreous:
Found on some plumbing fixtures, consisting of glass. Used as
a surface material. |
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| Waste
and Overflow: The drain assembly for a bathtub. The drain at the
top removes the overflow water during tub filling and the drain at
the bottom removes waste water when the tub is drained. |
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| Water
Closet: Toilet. |
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| Widespread:
Usually 8" from center of handle-to-handle, this style of bathroom
lavatory faucet has separate spout and handles. |
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Whirlpool
Tub: A whirlpool bathtub system. The system recirculates the tub
water and mixes in air to create hydro therapy with jet inlets.
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